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Review html egg pro12/31/2023 The number of feeders and drinkers and the perch space were defined according to the number of birds, in compliance with the Animal Care standards established by the Humane Farm Animal Care ( HFAC, 2014 HFAC - Humane Farm Animal Care. The floor area was covered with wood shavings of 0.10 m height in both barns. There was one nest box for every six laying birds, totaling 750 nest boxes of 0.30 × 0.32 × 0.45 m in size in each barn. Dimensions of barns 1 and 2 were 9.8 × 69.0 × 3.0 and 9.8 × 70.9 × 3.0 m, respectively, both equipped with automatic feeders and drinkers, wooden perches, nests for egg laying, fans, and foggers. Two adjacent commercial barns located in Ipeúna, SP, Brazil (124° SE and 310° NW) were used in the experiment. This study was carried out according to the ethical principles and was approved by the local Research Ethics Committee. In view of the lack of research on this topic, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of the presence of roosters on the welfare and productivity of laying hens reared in an alternative egg production system. Diferenças comportamentais de poedeiras em diferentes ambientes térmicos. Accordingly, the presence of roosters in the production system is an important factor, since reproductive behaviors are natural to this species, although, except in rare cases, egg production systems do not utilize roosters.įurthermore, the behavior of the birds is strongly influenced by the environment to which they are subjected, because the homeostasis mechanism is only effective when the temperature is within the range required by the animals ( Pereira et al. The forth one determines that animals must be reared under conditions in which they can exhibit their natural behaviors, such as scratching, wing-flapping, and perching, among others. The concept includes: nutritional - freedom from hunger and thirst environmental - freedom from discomfort physical - freedom from pain, injury, and disease behavioral - freedom to express normal behavior and psychological - freedom from fear and distress. 27p.) has developed the following concept of five freedoms, outlining five aspects of animal welfare under human control. Farm Animal Welfare Council: Report on priorities for animal welfare research and development, London. In an attempt to make animal welfare a less subjective topic by promoting good welfare and allowing inspection in a productive system, the Farm Animal Welfare Council ( FAWC, 1993 FAWC - Farm Animal Welfare Council. Symposium: Animal welfare challenges for today and tomorrow. A major challenge in the layer industry is housing due to the shift from conventional cage housing to alternatives like enriched colonies or cage-free ( Thaxton et al., 2016 Thaxton, Y. Images of beak-trimmed birds and birds reared in the extremely confined spaces of battery cages are truly moving. With regard to poultry farming, there has been extensive criticism on the practices involved in commercial egg production. De olho no bem-estar animal sem perder o foco na produtividade. This scenario has been further impacted by the population awareness of the productive process, as well as by the demand for food with differentiated quality attributes ( Pereira et al., 2015b Pereira, D. This alternative egg production system proved to promote animal welfare since it provides and stimulates the display of behaviors considered important for birds.īehavior enthalpy husbandry environment laying hensĪlong with issues concerning environmental preservation and food safety, animal welfare is an issue of great impact in the media and productive environments. Moreover, there was a significant decrease in the tolerance-reflex behavior, which is associated with the impossibility of displaying reproductive behaviors. In addition to productivity benefits, the presence of roosters broadened the behavioral repertoire of the birds due to the introduction of reproductive behaviors. However, even under these conditions, egg production results and mortality rate were consistent with the indices recommended in the Isa Brown management guide in the barn with roosters the indices obtained were even better and were characterized by higher egg production and lower mortality rates. Microclimate analysis showed that the birds were subjected to periods of constant heat stress, except for the morning hours. In the poultry facilities, microclimate, egg production, mortality rate, and bird behavior were evaluated. Two breeding systems were established: barn 1 - laying hens reared without roosters (4500 birds) and barn 2 - laying hens reared with roosters (4500 layers and 250 roosters). The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the presence of roosters on welfare and egg production of laying hens reared in an alternative system.
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